The ePIC Silicon Vertex Tracker (SVT) for the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will be the largest Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) based detector ever constructed for a high-energy or nuclear physics experiment. It comprises three major subsystems: an ultra-low-mass inner barrel surrounding the beam pipe, a large-area outer barrel providing extended pseudorapidity coverage, and precision...
We describe the first experimental demonstration of the beta momentum detectors for the proposed QuIPs experiment. The Quantum Invisible Particle Sensor (QuIPS) experiment, introduced at CPAD in 2024, is an optomechanical laser trap surrounded by active pixel detectors searching for heavy sterile neutrino masses in the 10s of keV to few MeV regime via weak nuclear decays. The experimental...
We will present the ongoing efforts on development of high precision low-power CMOS detectors for particle detection. Results of detailed characterization using IR-laser in Fermilab and techniques developed to scan the properties of the detector at few micron granularity level. We will present measurements of the performance of the ARCADIA main demonstrator performed in labs and in test beams,...
Future collider experiments and upgrades in high-energy physics (HEP) and nuclear physics (NP) demand vertex and tracking detectors that combine extreme granularity, minimal material budget, and precise timing. The Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) carried out development of a 1-megapixel monolithic active pixel sensor (MAPS) prototype addresses these needs by uniting binary event-driven...
In low duty cycle machines, such as linear and muon colliders, collision happen only in a small fraction of the total operational time. Currently, most of the developments of Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) focus on circular colliders, with a continuous time analog front-end. In this contribution we propose a time-variant analog front-end, which, when operated synchronously with the...
Resistive Silicon Devices (RSDs), particularly AC-coupled Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (AC-LGADs), open the path of pico-second level space and time (4D) tracking in high-energy physics (HEP) experiments such as those at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), Electron-Ion Collider (EIC), and future (lepton) colliders facilities. These sensors combine the fine spatial resolution of segmented detectors...
Current and future particle trackers are beginning to incorporate timing measurements as part of the readout electronics. The ATLAS HGTD and CMS MTD timing detectors for the HL-LHC are already capable of sub-50 picosecond-level resolution, and tracking detectors for future colliders such as the muon or 10 TeV hadron colliders will require similar or better levels of time resolution with pixel...
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a next-generation flagship facility being constructed at Brookhaven National Laboratory to explore the properties of nuclear matter and the strong interaction via electron-proton and electron-ion collisions. In this talk, we will present the latest designs of Time-of-Flight detector systems based on the silicon AC-coupled Low Gain Avalanche Diode (AC-LGAD)...
Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) are characterized by a fast rise time (~500ps) and extremely good time resolution (down to 17ps), and potential for a very high repetition rate with ~1 ns full charge collection. For the application of this technology to near future experiments such as e+e- Higgs factories (FCC-ee), the ePIC detector at the Electron-Ion Collider, or smaller experiments...
PIONEER is a next-generation experiment to measure the charged-pion branching ratio to electrons vs. muons and the pion beta decay with an order of magnitude improvement in precision. A high-granularity active target (ATAR) is being designed to provide detailed 4D tracking information, allowing the separation of the energy deposits of the pion decay products in both position and time. The...
Devices with internal gain, such as Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs), demonstrate O(30) ps timing resolution, and they play a crucial role in High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments, among other applications. Similarly, resistive silicon devices, such as AC-coupled Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (AC-LGADs) sensors, achieve a fine spatial resolution while maintaining the LGADโs timing resolution....
Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) are prime candidates for high-resolution timing applications in High Energy Physics, Nuclear science, and other fields. When used at hadron colliders, these sensors are required to withstand enormous amounts of radiation while maintaining acceptable performance. When particles interact with highly biased sensors in these high-radiation environments, this can...
Low gain avalanche detectors with DC- and AC-coupled readout were exposed to ionizing and non-ionizing radiation at levels relevant to future experiments in particle, nuclear, and medical physics, and to astrophysics. Damage-related change in their acceptor removal constants and in the resistivity of the region between the guard ring and the active array are reported, as is change in the...
There is a high priority in particle physics for research and development into instrumentation motivated by the physics goals of the next generation of experiments. Several challenges need to be addressed, including high pile-up, as future hadron and muon colliders will feature both high in- and out-of-time backgrounds. A time resolution of the order or below ten picoseconds allows for the...
We present the design and performance of the latest version of the Fermilab Constant Fraction Discriminator (FCFD) readout ASIC, FCFDv1.1. The chip was delivered in May 2025, and results were measured in testbedam in July 2025. We will also present the status of the development of the next version of FCFD readout chip. The FCFD will be used to readout the 1-cm long AC-LGAD strip sensors of the...
Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs) are silicon sensors renowned for their ability to deliver fast timing, especially in high energy and nuclear physics. They achieve a timing resolution of 20-30 picoseconds through an internal multiplication process that creates a controlled avalanche of charge carriers, producing a gain of 10-100. Some variants of LGADs can also track particle trajectories...
Highly granular precision timing detectors are required to achieve scientific breakthroughs across HEP, NP, BES, and FES applications, and their critical need was highlighted by DOE BRN, European Strategy for Particle Physics, and Snowmass. To enable the development of these detectors, 3D-intgration between advanced sensor wafers and scaled CMOS technology nodes is required but is currently...
In recent years, the introduction of very fast optical sensors with extremely low pitches (e.g. Low Gain Avalanche detectors -LGADs) has enabled high-density designs for high energy and nuclear physics detectors offering excellent spatial and timing precision; to harness the extreme spatial and timing resolution achievable with such devices, novel high performance/high channel density...
We characterized a type of Low-Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) fabricated at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. LGADs are a type of silicon avalanche photodiodes originally developed for the fast detection of minimum ionizing particles for high-energy particle detectors. We study its detection capability on different types of ionization particles, such as X-rays, gamma-rays, alphas, and examine...
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment that seeks to address fundamental questions in particle physics, including neutrino mass ordering and the possible CP violation in the lepton sector that can provide information on the matterโantimatter asymmetry of the universe. A critical challenge in DUNE is the detection of...
Searches for 1-10 GeV dark matter particles with liquid xenon TPCs such as LZ, XENONnT and PandaX-4T are presently limited by instrumental backgrounds consisting of accidental photon coincidence. We have investigated this pathology and conclude that the dominant source of the photons, which follow each particle interaction, is fluorescence of the quartz windows of the photomultiplier tubes....
Liquid xenon (LXe) time projection chambers (TPCs) are powerful tools in the search for neutrinoless double beta decay (NDBD), offering a scalable, ultra-low-background technology with excellent energy resolution in the MeV energy range. An important aspect of these detectors is their 3D imaging capability, which enables powerful signal/background discrimination based on the position and...
The development of ultra-low background gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillator (Gd-LS) is critical for current and next-generation experiments in neutrino and rare-event physics, including supernova neutrino detection, reactor monitoring, and as a neutron veto in dark matter searches. The presence of trace radioactive contaminants such as 238U, 232Th, and 40K can introduce backgrounds that...
Of the many items that need to be considered in a push towards one -picosecond timing for particle detectors, we have focused on one essential component: the distribution of references clock with an inter-channel precision of 100 femtoseconds (fs) or less. Our program has been to develop the tools to measure a reference clock to this level of precision using a digital dual mixer time...
We have produced a general-purpose ultra-low-external interference quantum device holder suitable for various qubit and quantum sensor platforms. It is a continuation of UCB/LBNL's blackbody radiation (BBR) stub filter flange (SFF) study, in collaboration with nine US institutes to obtain the best available techniques in attempt to optimize every aspect possible. In this presentation, we first...
Recent work has shown that ionizing radiation incident on a superconducting qubit chip can cause phonon excitation and trapped charges. The phonons can generate non-equilibrium quasiparticles in the superconductor, which can tunnel across the junction and interact with the qubit energy. Trapped charges change the electric field environment in nearby qubits and are seen as charge noise in...
In the High Energy Physics (HEP) and Nuclear Physics (NP) experiments, there is always a wish to readout all the detector data to improve efficiency and avoid losing potential useful information. This requirement motivates the development of technologies such as the on-detector processing, high speed data links and powerful back-end electronics. The Front-End Link eXchange (FELIX) system is an...
We propose and simulate a novel experiment to quantify the energy stored in stable crystal defectsโsuch as Frenkel pairsโproduced by nuclear recoils following neutron capture. These quantum defects can absorb part of the recoil energy, altering the apparent energy scale for nuclear recoils and impacting the interpretation of signals in low-threshold dark matter and coherent elastic...
We present a high-speed, modular Data Acquisition (DAQ) solution developed for Pitt-CoRTEx (Pitt-Cosmic Ray Tracker Experiment), a compact and scalable muon tracking detector designed for educational and small-scale particle physics applications. The detector consists of 128 extruded plastic scintillator bars, each embedded with a wavelength-shifting (WLS) optical fiber that guides light to...
Inference of standard convolutional neural networks (CNNs) on FPGAs often incurs high latency and long initiation intervals due to the nested loops required to slide filters across the full input, especially when the input dimensions are large. However, in some datasets, meaningful signals may occupy only a small fraction of the input, say sometimes just a few percent of the total pixels or...
In advanced detectors, we observe events of stored energy releases, as well as energy accumulation and delayed release dynamics. Spontaneous burst emission of phonons, photons, and quasiparticles produces excess backgrounds in dark matter detectors and correlated quantum errors and decoherence in quantum information devices- in the same way as external particles. These effects are now observed...
Next-generation pixel sensors will be sufficiently fine-grained, both in space and time, to determine kinematic properties of a traversing particle by analyzing the resulting charge cluster in a single layer of silicon. Customized machine learning (ML) models based on mixture density networks are capable of extracting track angles and hit positions, as well as uncertainties on these...
In pursuit of a quantum computer, there have been many proposals of qubits that take advantage of quantum systems, from solid-state systems to trapped ions. A particularly promising candidate is the transmon, a qubit based on a superconducting resonator with a Josephson Junction and optimized to have reduced sensitivity to charge noise. It is well-known that these types of qubits suffer from...
Real-time machine learning is emerging as a key tool for next-generation detector systems, where strict latency and hardware constraints require highly efficient models. We present PQuant, a backend-agnostic Python library designed to unify and streamline pruning and quantization techniques for hardware deployment, supporting both PyTorch and TensorFlow. PQuant provides a comprehensive suite...
To date, all light mass dark matter calorimeters have measured a low energy, non-ionizing background whose rate decreases with time since cooldown. Such bursts have recently also been seen to be the dominant source of parity flipping in superconducting QUBITs. In this talk, we will summarize recent work to understand the source of this background where we correlated the measured burst rate to...
