El estudio de la materia fuertemente interactuante bajo condiciones extremas de temperatura, densidad de espรญn y vorticidad es fundamental para comprender la dinรกmica del plasma de quarks y gluones producido en colisiones no-centrales de iones pesados relativistas. En este contexto, se propone un trabajo en curso que extiende el modelo sigma lineal acoplado a quarks mediante la inclusiรณn...
En este trabajo se abordarรก un estudio fenomenolรณgico de la dispersiรณn elรกstica coherente neutrino-nรบcleo (CEvNS) enfocado a la producciรณn de un fermiรณn estรฉril a travรฉs del proceso de up-scattering neutrino-nรบcleo mediado por un bosรณn escalar neutro. Se presentarรก un anรกlisis estadรญstico preliminar enfocado a determinar posibles restricciones a la masa del fermiรณn estรฉril y a la constante de...
In non-central collisions, the anisotropic distribution of matter generates orbital angular momentum that induces significant vorticity in the medium, making the dynamics of particles within the QGP dependent not only on temperature and external fields but also on rotational effects. Such phenomena motivate the use of effective descriptions incorporating metrics analogous to curved spacetime,...
We are investigating a theoretical model incorporating an additional symmetry to study general neutrino interactions and their properties, including mass generation. Our ongoing work employs simulations and cross-section analyses to explore event distributions sensitive to these interactions. This research aims to deepen the understanding of neutrino properties and their implications for...
This undergraduate thesis systematically develops the construction of the supersymmetric Lagrangian for gauge theories with $\mathcal{N} = 1$ supersymmetry. Starting from the physical and algebraic foundations of quantum field theory and spacetime symmetries, it introduces the formalism of superspace and superfields as tools to formulate supersymmetric theories. As an application, the...
We explore quantum machine learning (QML) for b-tagging at pT < 20 GeV, where taggeing b-jets from light/c-jets is challenging. We propose classifiers based on variational quantum circuits (VQCs) implemented in PennyLane, compared against classical ML techniques with equivalent parameter counts. The pipeline shares preprocessing with classical methods for fair comparison. We evaluate...
Revisiting semileptonic B decays with tensor mesons in the final state
J. H. Muรฑozยน and J. C. Romeroยฒ
1 Departamento de Fรญsica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima
2 Semillero QUARK, Programa de Fรญsica, Universidad del Tolima
We revisit the production of tensor mesons in semileptonic B decays within the framework of the nonrelativistic quark model of...
Study of semileptonic $B$ decays with scalar mesons in the final state
J. H. Muรฑoz$^{1}$ and J. J. Russi$^{2}$
$^{1}$ Departamento de Fรญsica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima
$^{2}$ Semillero QUARK, Programa de Fรญsica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima
We investigate the semileptonic decays $B \to S \, \ell \, \nu_{\ell}$, where $S$ is the $p$-wave scalar meson...
Several studies in heavy-ion collisions suggest that vorticity plays a relevant role in the final observables. In this ongoing work, we address the one-loop radiative correction to the quarkโgluon vertex in a rotating medium at finite temperature. The calculation is based on the quark propagator in the presence of vorticity, incorporating thermal effects through the Matsubara formalism....
We investigate the quasinormal modes of several families of higher-dimensional regular black holes arising in gravitational theories that incorporate an infinite tower of higher-curvature corrections to Einstein gravity. Our analysis focuses on how the ringdown phase of gravitational waves for such regular black holes deviates from the predictions of General Relativity. We employ the...
Recent results from several experimental collaborations have reported deviations from the Standard Model predictions in di-photon final tates, suggesting the presence of intermediate scalar resonances above the electroweak scale. The wide variety of such anomalies can be naturally accommodated within extensions of the Standard Model that feature an enlarged scalar sector. In particular,...
Experimental measurements of this decay, made by the LHCb and CMS, show a deviation from the predictions of the Standard Model. We propose that this discrepancy can be explained by the existence of a dark sector that interacts with ordinary matter through a new mediator boson Zโ.
Gravitational particle production in cosmology is a mechanism through which particles of different natures are produced during the very early universe. It is a general mechanism that explains how the universe became populated with the particles of the Standard Model after cosmic inflation and may also account for the origin of dark matter. In this work, we study the non-perturbative production...
We investigate the original Scotogenic model proposed by E. Ma, focusing on its radiative mechanism for neutrino mass generation. In particular, we compute the one-loop neutrino mass matrix, regularized through the cut-off method, and express the resulting masses in terms of the Yukawa couplings and scalar potential parameters. Using representative values commonly adopted in the literature, we...
En el centro de la mayorรญa de las galaxias observadas se encuentran agujeros negros supermasivos (SMBHs, por sus siglas en inglรฉs Super Massive Black Holes), con masas que van desde millones hasta miles de millones de veces la del Sol. Su presencia y actividad influyen decisivamente en la evoluciรณn y dinรกmica galรกctica. Estos SMBHs liberan enormes cantidades de energรญa por medio de procesos de...
El proyecto consiste en el desarrollo de un contador de centelleo sencillo y de bajo costo, basado en un microcontrolador Arduino y componentes accesibles, para la detecciรณn de muones atmosfรฉricos provenientes de rayos cรณsmicos. El sistema se compone de un material centelleador plรกstico acoplado a un fotodetector (SiPM o PMT de bajo voltaje), cuya seรฑal es amplificada mediante la electrรณnica...
En el marco de la fรญsica de altas energรญas, la clasificaciรณn de las vastas cantidades de partรญculas subatรณmicas producidas en colisiones como las del Gran Colisionador de Hadrones (LHC) del CERN es un desafรญo computacional central. Los mรฉtodos de anรกlisis tradicionales son a menudo lentos y exigen hardware especializado, lo que limita su accesibilidad. Este proyecto de investigaciรณn en curso...
We develop a model-independent framework to construct quark--lepton families in flipped trinification, $SU(3)_C\times SU(3)_L\times SU(3)_R\times U(1)_X$, for arbitrary charge embedding. The approach identifies and classifies Irreducible Anomaly-Free Sets (IAFS)---minimal fermion multiplet combinations that cancel, by themselves, all gauge and mixed anomalies: $[SU(3)_{L,R}]^3$,...
Los fotomultiplicadores son dispositivos de detecciรณn altamente sensibles que permiten medir con gran precisiรณn niveles bajos de radiaciรณn electromagnรฉtica, en particular en el rango รณptico. En este proyecto se propone la caracterizaciรณn experimental de un fotomultiplicador comercial, utilizando como fuente de radiaciรณn lรกseres rojos de bajo costo (625โ740 nm).
Se estudiarรกn parรกmetros como...
We present a novel technique to determine the charge of b-tagged small-cone jets in the CMS experiment. While current heavy-flavour tagging algorithms are charge-agnostic, the ability to distinguish between b and anti-b (as well as c and anti-c) jets is essential for several physics analyses, including Higgs and di-Higgs production studies. The proposed method leverages the Particle...
Jet tagging, a classification task crucial for new physics searches at the LHC, has been evolved by deep learning. This work presents a comparative study of two state-of-the-art architectures, ParticleNet (a dynamic graph neural network) and Particle Transformer (ParT), which operate on permutation-invariant particle cloud representations of jets. We present a comparative analysis across...
Coherent elastic neutrinoโnucleus scattering (CEฮฝNS), predicted by the Standard Model, occurs when the momentum transfer satisfies $qR \leq 1$, causing the entire nucleus to respond coherently and the cross section to scale approximately with $N^2$ (the number of neutrons). The CONUS+ experiment, located at the Leibstadt Nuclear Power Plant (Switzerland) and employing high-purity germanium...
In this work, we propose an extension to the Standard Model (SM) by adding a new $SU(2)$ gauge symmetry, which is spontaneously broken by an extended scalar sector. Under this new symmetry, the left-handed fields of the SM remain invariant, while the right-handed ones form a doublet together with a new, heavier partner. In addition, a new fermionic field $S_R$ is introduced, which transforms...
Geant4 es una herramienta de software que permite la simulaciรณn del paso de la partรญculas mediante materiales organizados en una geometrรญa compleja, en el cual las interacciones dรฉbiles se limitan a la desintegraciรณn de partรญculas y la captura de electrones por los nรบcleos [1]. Los neutrinos son partรญculas fermionicas con una secciรณn de interacciรณn muy baja, que se producen en la...
Neutrinos produced in core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) offer a valuable probe for investigating the Earth's density profile by studying how Earth's matter influences their oscillations. Nonetheless, recent studies suggest that the Earth matter effects on CCSN neutrinos are expected to be small and difficult to observe with existing or forthcoming neutrino detectors, primarily due to the...
En los รบltimos aรฑos las simulaciones numรฉricas han jugado un papel muy importante como complemento a las pruebas a las cuales es sometida constantemente la Relatividad General. Un caso particular es la Relatividad Numรฉrica, con la cual se dificultarรญa la comprensiรณn de fenรณmenos astrofรญsicos como la colisiรณn de agujeros negros. Desde la astrofรญsica tambiรฉn se puede estudiar como planetas y...
This work presents the simulation and study of a three-dimensional scintillator bar detector for the analysis of 100 MeV electrons, using the GEANT4 toolkit. The detector design consists of a segmented array of scintillator cubes, each coupled to a wavelength-shifting (WLS) optical fiber and a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM). This computational study is complemented by an ongoing...
Se estudia el espacio paramรฉtrico de neutrinos, obteniendo algunos limites en las masas de los neutrinos en el decaimiento doble beta sin neutrinos, en escenarios de cero, uno y dos neutrinos estรฉriles, mediante los รบltimos datos experimentales de neutrinos y una conjunciรณn entre las restricciones de decaimiento doble beta sin neutrinos, decaimiento beta del Tritio (KATRIN) y las observaciones...
Stellar winds are mechanisms through which stars lose mass from their outer layers. Although the underlying physical processes are not yet fully understood, stellar winds can strongly influence stellar evolution and determine the final fate of a star. In this work, we investigate stripped helium stars, i.e., stars that have lost their hydrogen-rich envelopes due to binary interaction. Our aim...
This project presents the design and experimental development of a Cherenkov detector for atmospheric muons that incorporates solid-phase colloids to enhance detection efficiency. The detector medium consists of a TiOโ nanoparticle suspension (average particle size โ 298 nm) dispersed in a glycerinโdeionized water mixture at concentrations above 0.5 %, achieving a refractive index greater than...
We analyze the constraint structure of the Proca field with gauge symmetry within the framework of the HamiltonโJacobi formalism. The complete set of Hamiltonians generating the systemโs dynamics is derived from Frobeniusโ integrability conditions, together with the corresponding characteristic equations. As generators of canonical transformations, the Hamiltonians are naturally related to the...
In this work, we analyze the internal structure of neutron stars using hybrid equations of state that combine hadronic and quark degrees of free-dom within a unified framework. The stellar crust is described through the Togashi model, which ensures thermodynamic consistency across the nuclear saturation regime, while the nucleonic region follows the Prakash formulation for 3-stable matter. The...
En el contexto del sistema de calibraciรณn del sensor de fotones del detector lejano del proyecto DUNE se requiere realizar la implementaciรณn de una tecnologรญa innovadora llamada Power over Fiber la cual, a grandes rasgos, consiste en transmitir energรญa proporcionada por un lรกser de alta potencia a travรฉs de fibra รณptica.
Para cumplir con este objetivo es necesario contar con fibras รณpticas...
We investigate the potential to search for dark matter within a simplified model that introduces a new scalar/vector resonance connecting the Standard Model (SM) to the dark sector composed by a Dirac fermionic dark matter particle. This mediator couples to SM vector bosons, including gluons, giving rise to novel Vector Boson Fusion (VBF) topologies. These allow for the exploration of such...
Los modelos partรญculas de materia oscura en la que estas se producen a travรฉs del mecanismo freeze-in se conocen como Feebly Interacting Massive Particles (FIMPs), y han sido estudiadas ampliamente en el paradigma de la cosmologรญa estรกndar, sin embargo, los parรกmetros cosmolรณgicos pueden variarse en tanto no se alteren las mediciones, dando lugar a modelos cosmolรณgicos no estรกndar. Este...
Con una masa de 106 MeV/c2 y una vida media de 2.2 ยตs, los muones son las partรญculas mรกs abundantes a nivel del mar, donde llegan con una energรญa media de 4 MeV, provenientes del resultado de interacciones de protones y nรบcleos pesados (rayos cรณsmicos primarios) con la atmรณsfera terrestre. Con el objetivo de reproducir de manera realista la interacciรณn de estos muones en un plรกstico...
The rare decay ( B^+ \to K^+ \nu\bar{\nu} ) offers a powerful window into physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) due to its theoretical cleanliness and sensitivity to new light invisible particles. Within the SM, this flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) process occurs only at loop level and it is strongly suppressed by the GlashowโIliopoulosโMaiani (GIM) mechanism. Its final state...
El 4 de julio de 2012, las colaboraciones ATLAS y CMS del LHC anunciaron el descubrimiento de una nueva partรญcula con una masa cercana a 125 GeV, cuyas propiedades observadas resultaban consistentes con las del bosรณn de Higgs del SM. Este hallazgo abriรณ un extenso programa experimental orientado a estudiar en detalle sus propiedades y determinar su verdadera naturaleza. Esta charla presenta...
Classical simulation of neutrino oscillations faces multiple computational challenges such as simulating collective neutrino systems and incorporating complex quantum effects (correlations in neutrino-neutrino interactions, decoherence, matter effects, etc.). Quantum computing presents an alternative to overcome these challenges, because of its inherent quantum properties it can perform actual...
En 1964, los fรญsicos Cronin y Fitch descubrieron una violaciรณn a la simetrรญa CP en el decaimiento de Kaones neutros, desde entonces se ha encontrado que la violaciรณn CP aparece en otros mesones, en 2001 se evidencio violaciรณn CP en mesones B, y en 2011 se evidenciรณ el hallazgo en los mesones D. Nuestro estudio tiene como objetivo realizar un anรกlisis a la violaciรณn de esta simetrรญa en el...
La lรญnea de 21 cm del hidrรณgeno neutro es una de las herramientas mรกs prometedoras para explorar el universo temprano, permite, entre muchas cosas, estudiar algunas etapas como las Edades Oscuras, el Amanecer Cรณsmico y la รpoca de Reionizaciรณn (EoR). Sin embargo, su detecciรณn directa continรบa siendo un desafรญo debido a la presencia de contaminantes astrofรญsicos intensos, efectos instrumentales...
La muografรญa, tรฉcnica basada en la detecciรณn de muones atmosfรฉricos provenientes del espacio exterior, se ha consolidado como una herramienta innovadora para la exploraciรณn no invasiva de la morfologรญa de estructuras u objetos. Este desarrollo ha impulsado la bรบsqueda de materiales, configuraciones y sistemas de detecciรณn que permiten medir la intensidad, direcciรณn y la energรญa de los muones....
La retinopatรญa diabรฉtica (RD) es una de las principales causas de ceguera a nivel mundial y requiere una detecciรณn temprana precisa para evitar complicaciones irreversibles. En este contexto, el presente trabajo presenta el diseรฑo e implementaciรณn de un sistema automatizado de apoyo diagnรณstico para la RD, que combina la segmentaciรณn de imรกgenes de fondo de ojo mediante redes neuronales, con...
La materia oscura representa cerca del 26 % del contenido del universo, pero su naturaleza sigue siendo desconocida debido a su nula interacciรณn electromagnรฉtica. Entre los distintos enfoques de bรบsqueda, la detecciรณn indirecta busca seรฑales en los productos de aniquilaciรณn o decaimiento de partรญculas de materia oscura, siendo los rayos gamma uno de los canales mรกs prometedores. El flujo...
