Speaker
Description
Neutron stars are ultra-dense remnants of massive stellar cores, observable across the electromagnetic spectrum. Their emission reflects a complex interplay of magnetic, thermal, and structural processes operating under extreme conditions of density, temperature, and magnetic field strength—regimes unattainable in terrestrial laboratories. Understanding isolated neutron stars requires studying the physics of their interiors, where neutrons are expected to form a superfluid and protons become superconducting—macroscopic quantum states that strongly influence both magnetic field evolution and neutron star cooling. In this talk, I will introduce MATINS, a new open-access 3D code designed to model the coupled magneto-thermal evolution of isolated neutron stars. I will first discuss neutron star cooling, with particular emphasis on how these macroscopic quantum states affect their thermal evolution. The second part of the talk focuses on the physics governing magnetic field evolution, with particular emphasis on magnetars and the origin of their observed large-scale dipolar magnetic fields. Finally, I will discuss the role of proton superconductivity in neutron star cores and its impact on magnetic field evolution, highlighting observable signatures that may arise from these exotic states of matter.