Description
The discovery of optically driven magnetization control has revolutionized spintronics, introducing a ground breaking scientific paradigm that harnesses light-induced strain to manipulate magnetic order. This contactless and energy-efficient approach utilizes photostriction light induced strain generated in ferroelectric materials through the combined effects of the bulk photovoltaic response and inverse piezoelectricity. The light-driven ferroelectric manipulation stands out as a promising yet underexplored avenue. Recently, PbTiO₃-based compounds, particularly PMN-PT (Pb(Mg₁/₃Nb₂/₃)O₃–PbTiO₃), have gained attention due to their exceptional piezoelectric and electromechanical properties. PMN-PT exhibits photo-strictive behavior, making it a promising candidate for optically controlled domain engineering. Figure 1 shows photo induced strain in the PMN-PT lattice via X-ray diffraction. In FM/PMN-PT heterostructures, light illumination induces non-thermal strain in PMN-PT, which is mechanically transferred to the adjacent FM magneto strictive layer (e.g., Fe, Ni, or Co), resulting in modulation of magnetic anisotropy, domain configuration, or net magnetization. As research advances, FM/PMN-PT heterostructures are emerging as versatile platforms for optically tunable magnetoelectric devices, with significant potential in low-power spintronics, adaptive logic, and high-speed optomagnetic memory systems
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