Speaker
Description
Investigations involving the event-by-event fluctuations of conserved quantities, like net charge, net baryon number, and strangeness in heavy-ion collisions, provide insights into the properties of QGP and the phase diagram of strongly interacting matter. Event-by-event fluctuations of net-electric charge in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ and $13.6$ TeV and for OO, Ne--Ne, and Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}} = 5.36$ TeV are studied by analysing the data collected by the ALICE detector at CERN Large Hadron Collider.
The analysis is carried out in terms of the variable $\nu_{\text{dyn}}[+,-]$, chosen for its robustness against the detector efficiency losses. The observed dependence of $\nu_{\text{dyn}}[+,-]$ on the charged-particle multiplicity exhibits an energy-independent smooth increase of net-charge fluctuations from smaller to larger collision systems.
The negative values of $\nu_{\text{dyn}}[+,-]$ indicate a dominance of correlations between oppositely charged particle pairs compared with those arising from like-sign charge pairs. Since $\nu_{\text{dyn}}[+,-]$ is known to have an intrinsic dependence on multiplicity, an appropriate scaling is applied. The variable is therefore scaled by the factors (i) $N_{\text{ch}}$ and (ii) $ \frac{1}{N^+ + N^-}$. The dependence of the scaled values of $\nu_{\text{dyn}}[+,-]$ on particle multiplicity is also looked into.
