The Predictable Quantum Efficient Detector (PQED) is an internationally recognized primary standard for optical power measurements, with its core technology developed entirely in Norway. Led by Justervesenet, the Chip S⋅CALe project focused on producing practically loss-free photodiodes, along with three independent methods to quantify residual losses—shown to be below 10 ppm. These methods...
A major challenge in cancer chemotherapy is the targeted delivery of drugs to tumor cells. Enhanced delivery to tumor tissue can be achieved by loading drugs into nanoparticles (NPs), leveraging the enhanced permeability and retention effect, which promotes NP extravasation into the tumor. However, NPs often accumulate near blood vessels instead of spreading throughout the tissue due to...
Since 2018, physicists at the radiotherapy department at St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, have developed Python scripts for automating VMAT treatment planning in RayStation for several tumor localizations [1,2]. VMAT delivers conform radiation doses to tumor volumes while sparing the nearby organs at risk (OARs). Automation reduces the time spent on planning while keeping, or improving,...
