Astrophysics with Radioactive Isotopes

Contribution List

167. Welcome: Róbert Szabó (Director of Konkoly Observatory), Marco Pignatari

13/06/2022, 08:45

92. A short history of gamma-ray line astrophysics

Nikos Prantzos (Institute of Astrophysics in Paris)

13/06/2022, 09:00

Morning session 1

93. Pathways of metal flows in the Milky Way as traced by 26Al

Martin Krause (University of Hertfordshire)

13/06/2022, 09:30

Morning session 1

101. Radioactive isotopes as tracers for the origin of micrometeorites

Jenny Feige

13/06/2022, 09:50

Morning session 1

102. Short-lived radioactive isotopes from massive binary stars and the early Solar System

Hannah Brinkman

13/06/2022, 10:10

Morning session 1

103. A detailed look at the production of Fe-group elements in core-collapse supernovae

Carla Frohlich (North Carolina State University)

13/06/2022, 10:30

Morning session 1

104. Very massive stars winds as sources of the short-lived 26Al radioactive isotope

Sébastien Martinet (Université de Genève)

13/06/2022, 11:30

Morning session 2

105. Chemical Evolution of 26Al and 60Fe in the Milky Way

Arianna Vasini

13/06/2022, 11:50

Morning session 2

106. The γ-process nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae

Lorenzo Roberti (Konkoly Observatory, CSFK)

13/06/2022, 12:00

Morning session 2

107. Looking for dust in core-collapse supernovae with a Bayesian approach

Szanna Zsíros

13/06/2022, 12:20

Morning session 2

108. Prospects for Nucleosynthesis Observations with NASA’s new Gamma-Ray Mission COSI

Thomas Siegert (JMU Würzburg)

13/06/2022, 12:30

Morning session 2

109. Spectroscopy of 48Cr by the 50Cr(p, t)48Cr reaction

Philip Adsley (Texas A&M University)

13/06/2022, 14:30

Afternoon session 1

110. First direct measurement of the 13N(alpha,p)16O reaction relevant for core-collapse supernovae

Heshani Jayatissa

13/06/2022, 14:40

Afternoon session 1

111. Uncertainty Analysis of 23Mg(p,γ)24Al reaction rate occurring in Classical Novae

Edwin Amanda Crystal (Saint Mary's University, Halifax)

13/06/2022, 15:00

Afternoon session 1

112. The production of 10Be in the supernova neutrino process

Andre Sieverding (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

13/06/2022, 15:10

Afternoon session 1

113. Accounting for Short-Lived Radionuclides in the Early Solar System in the Context of a Triggered Star Formation Origin of the Solar System

Vikram Dwarkadas (Univ of Chicago)

13/06/2022, 15:30

Afternoon session 1

114. A statistical exploration of CEMP star classification with s-process models

Andrés Yagüe López

13/06/2022, 16:30

Afternoon session 2

115. Constraining the nu-p process via directly measured 56Ni(n,p) cross section

Hye Young Lee (Los Alamos National Laboratory)

13/06/2022, 16:50

Afternoon session 2

116. A Review: Molecular Chemical Enrichment of the ISM / IPM Due to Carbon Isotopes

Christine Hampton (CV Hampton Consulting, LLC)

13/06/2022, 17:10

Afternoon session 2

126. r-Process sites and their role in producing the heaviest elements and their radioactive isotopes

Friedrich Thielemann (University of Basel)

13/06/2022, 17:30

Afternoon session 2

168. Social toast: Informal presentation by Roland Diehl

Roland Diehl

13/06/2022, 17:50

120. The Emerging Theory of Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions

Adam Burrows (Princeton)

14/06/2022, 09:00

Morning session 1

121. The radiogenic heating of planets and the 40K question

Georgios Perdikakis (Central Michigan University)

14/06/2022, 09:30

Morning session 1

122. On the discrepancy between the observed and predicted abundances of the radioactive isotope 7Be produced in nova explosions

Pavel Denissenkov (University of Victoria)

14/06/2022, 10:00

Morning session 1

123. Galactic evolution of radio- and rock-forming nuclides and their expression in terrestrial exoplanet geodynamics

Steve Mojzsis

14/06/2022, 10:20

Morning session 1

124. Chemical abundance study on a large set of P-rich stars

Maren Brauner (Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC))

14/06/2022, 10:50

Morning session 1

130. Technetium in and Mass-Loss from Mira Stars

Stefan Uttenthaler

14/06/2022, 11:30

Morning session 2

131. Galactic Chemical Evolution with radioactive isotopes

Benjamin Wehmeyer (Konkoly Obs & Univ Hertfordshire)

14/06/2022, 11:50

Morning session 2

133. The tunable Laue lens – a new telescope for MeV gamma ray

Niels Lund (Technical University of Denmark (DTU))

14/06/2022, 12:10

Morning session 2

132. Verifying footprints of solar cycles and supernovae in polar ice cores

Yuko Motizuki (RIKEN)

14/06/2022, 12:30

Morning session 2

online

135. Neutron induced reactions and unstable nuclei: recent THM investigations at astrophysical energies

Maria Letizia Sergi (UniCT & INFN-LNS)

14/06/2022, 14:30

Afternoon session 1

125. Cosmogenic isotopes activity measured in Cavezzo, an anomalous L5 chondrite recovered in Italy

Dario Barghini (INAF - National Institute for Astrophysics, Astrophysical Observatory of Turin)

14/06/2022, 14:50

Afternoon session 1

127. Measurement of the 7Be(p,γ)8B at astrophysical energies using a radioactive 7Be ion beam

Raffaele Buompane

14/06/2022, 15:10

Afternoon session 1

128. Understanding 22Na cosmic abundance

Chloe Fougeres (Argonne National Laboratory (USA))

14/06/2022, 15:30

Afternoon session 1

129. First preliminary results on the s-process branchings 79Se(n,g) and 94Nb(n,g) and future prospects

Cesar Domingo Pardo (Univ. of Valencia and CSIC (ES))

14/06/2022, 15:40

Afternoon session 1

134. The intermediate neutron capture process in AGB stars

Arthur Choplin (Université Libre de Bruxelles)

14/06/2022, 16:30

Afternoon session 2

online

118. Simulation of production of the cosmogenic radionuclides in loess

Nikola Veselinovic

14/06/2022, 16:40

Afternoon session 2

online

117. PIC simulations of relativistic jets with toroidal magnetic field

Kenichi Nishikawa (Alabama A&M University)

14/06/2022, 16:50

Afternoon session 2

138. Live Pu-244 in deep-sea archives and the r process

Anton Wallner (Australian National University (AU))

14/06/2022, 17:10

Afternoon session 2

119. Universal relations for rapidly rotating cold and hot hybrid stars

Noshad Khosravi Largani

14/06/2022, 17:30

Afternoon session 2

137. Production of short-lived radioactive isotopes in the ejecta of core-collapse supernovae

Marco Pignatari (Hull University)

14/06/2022, 17:40

Afternoon session 2

155. Upgrading the dppn45 post-processing nucleosynthesis code

Balázs Szányi (Konkoly Observatory, University of Szeged)

14/06/2022, 17:50

Afternoon session 2

139. Cosmic radioactivity probing the epoch of SN or merger nucleosynthesis and neutrino interactions

Toshitaka Kajino

15/06/2022, 09:30

Morning session 1

online

140. New 59Fe Stellar Decay Rate and its Implications for the 60Fe Radioactivity in Massive Stars

Bingshui Gao

15/06/2022, 10:00

Morning session 1

online

146. Constraining r-process nucleosynthesis using 129I and 247Cm in the early Solar system

Projjwal Banerjee

15/06/2022, 10:20

Morning session 1

online

142. Deep underground laboratory measurement of 13C(α,n)16O in the Gamow windows of the s- and i-processes

Weiping Lin (Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University)

15/06/2022, 10:40

Morning session 1

online

143. ’Ni problem’ in Canonical and Ultrastripped Supernova Explosions

Ryo Sawada (The University of Tokyo)

15/06/2022, 11:30

Morning session 2

online

144. Beta-Delayed Neutron-Emission Probabilities of 20 neutron-rich Ag, Cd, In and Sn isotopes: Impacts on the second r-process peak formation

Phong Vi

15/06/2022, 11:50

Morning session 2

online

145. r-Process Radioisotopes from Near-Earth Supernovae and Kilonovae

Xilu Wang

15/06/2022, 12:10

Morning session 2

online

154. Decay properties of the nuclei with neutron number N=126: A stretch of the r-process pathway

Gaurav Saxena

15/06/2022, 12:30

Morning session 2

online

141. Galactic Chemical Evolution of Short-Lived Radioactive Isotopes in the Milky Way galaxy

Tejpreet Kaur (Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh)

15/06/2022, 12:40

Morning session 2

147. An astrochemical perspective on Radioactive Molecules

Alexander Axel Breier (University of Kassel (DE))

15/06/2022, 14:30

Afternoon session 1

162. Radioactive molecules for astrophysics

Shane Wilkins (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

15/06/2022, 14:50

Afternoon session 1

149. Mass measurements of neutron-rich gallium and indium isotopes for r-process studies

Gabriella Kripkó-Koncz (II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, Germany)

15/06/2022, 15:10

Afternoon session 1

148. Using 31Cl β-Delayed Proton Decay to Constrain 30P(p, γ)31S in ONe novae

Tamas Budner

15/06/2022, 15:30

Afternoon session 1

151. How do positron-trapping and titanium decay change light curve models of SESNe?

Andrea Nagy

15/06/2022, 15:50

Afternoon session 1

152. The origin of elements and the formation of the Milky Way

Chiaki Kobayashi (Univ of Hertfordshire)

15/06/2022, 16:30

Afternoon session 2

156. Investigation of cross section and reaction rate for 155Gd (n,g)156Gd reaction in the range of 0-0.5 MeV

Unal YILDIRIR (Göynük Science High School)

15/06/2022, 16:50

Afternoon session 2

136. DISCUSSION: Distributing nucleosynthesis ejecta

Roland Diehl

15/06/2022, 17:00

Afternoon session 2

158. The 39,41,42Ar nuclides as probes of neutron-induced reactions in a high-density plasma at the National Ignition Facility: a proposed experiment and calibration measurements

Michael Paul

16/06/2022, 09:50

Morning session 1

159. Dating supernova grain formation using radioactive isotopes

Ulrich Ott

16/06/2022, 10:10

Morning session 1

170. Barium stars classification with s-process models using machine learning techniques

Jacqueline den Hartogh

16/06/2022, 10:20

Morning session 1

160. Astrophysical properties for the 197Au(a,n)200Tl reaction in the energy range of 10-40 MeV

Cengiz OZSOY (Goynuk High School)

16/06/2022, 10:30

Morning session 1

161. Measurement of (d, p) and (d, 3He) reactions with 7Be in the context of lithium abundance anomaly

Mustak Ali (Bose Institute)

16/06/2022, 10:40

Morning session 1

150. Alpha-induced cross section measurements for explosive nucleosynthesis scenarios by the activation method

Tibor Norbert Szegedi

16/06/2022, 11:30

Morning session 2

163. Reaction rates of alpha-induced reactions from the new Atomki-V2 α-nucleus potential

Peter Mohr (Atomki Debrecen, Huingary)

16/06/2022, 11:50

Morning session 2

164. DISCUSSION: All the different 60Fe/26Al ratios

Maria Lugaro

16/06/2022, 12:20

Morning session 2

169. Closing

Roland Diehl

16/06/2022, 12:50

78. 'Ni problem' in Canonical and Ultrastripped Supernova Explosions

Ryo Sawada (The University of Tokyo)

Oral Presentation

Details of the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are not yet fully understood. There is now an increasing number of successful examples of reproducing explosions in the first-principles simulations, which have shown a slow increase of explosion energy. However, it was recently pointed out that the growth rates of the explosion energy of these simulations are insufficient...

84. A detailed look at the production of Fe-group elements in core-collapse supernovae

Prof. Carla Frohlich (North Carolina State University)

Oral Presentation

Core-collapse supernovae mark the death of massive stars above ~8-10 Msun. In this spectacular explosion, elements are synthesized and ejected. The details of the isotopes produced depend on many factors, including the composition of the star prior to explosion, the weak reactions during the collapse and onset of the explosion, and the strength of the explosion. In this talk, I will highlight...

95. A Review: Molecular Chemical Enrichment of the ISM / IPM Due to Carbon Isotopes

Christine Hampton (CV Hampton Consulting, LLC)

Oral Presentation

The very intriguing chemical properties of the carbon isotopes can generate unique
molecular compounds within the interstellar and interplanetary media. As stellar evolutionary
processes collect plasma, gas, and dust, energy provided by shock waves, cosmic rays, and ion
bombardment may stimulate chemical reactions on the surface of grains, which provide a
substrate for the nucleation and...

88. A short history of gamma-ray line astrophysics

nikos prantzos (Institute of Astrophysics in Paris)

Oral Presentation

I will present a short historical overview of the ideas regarding
a) our theoretical understanding of the production of several key radioactivities in gamma-ray astrophysics
b) their role as probes of various astrophysical sites (physics of supernovae, distribution of massive stars in the Galaxy, etc)

70. A statistical exploration of CEMP star classification with s-process models

Andrés Yagüe López

Oral Presentation

Increasingly larger databases of observed stellar abundances of heavy elements beyond iron present an opportunity to apply a statistical machine learning approach to the traditional comparison between models and observations. In this work we will present our results on CEMP stars. Our aim is to provide an automatic and unbiased process to group these stars in relation to their s-process...

58. Accounting for Short-Lived Radionuclides in the Early Solar System in the Context of a Triggered Star Formation Origin of the Solar System

Vikram Dwarkadas

Oral Presentation

A critical constraint on solar system formation is the high $^{26}$Al/$^{27}$Al abundance ratio of 5 $\times 10^{-5}$ at the time of formation, which was about 17 times higher than the average Galactic ratio, while the $^{60}$Fe/$^{56}$Fe value was lower than the Galactic value of 3 $\times 10^{-7}$. This challenges the assumption that a nearby supernova was responsible for the injection of...

89. All the different 60Fe/26Al ratios

Maria Lugaro

Discussion (Introduction and Facilitation)

I would like to discuss together the diversity of observed and predicted 60Fe/26Al ratios: in the Galaxy, in core-collapse supernova models, in the early Solar System, and in Earth's samples, and how could all these be reconciled.

66. Alpha-induced cross section measurements for explosive nucleosynthesis scenarios by the activation method

Tibor Norbert Szegedi

Oral Presentation

About 50% of the stable isotopes heavier than iron are synthesized via explosive nucleosynthesis processes [Thi17, Arc14, Rau13]. The path of the weak r-process (which synthesizes light neutron-rich isotopes) and the γ-process (which is mainly responsible for the synthesis of the 32-35 proton-rich nuclei) is located close to the valley of stability. Accordingly, several relevant reactions can...

65. An astrochemical perspective on Radioactive Molecules

Alexander A. Breier (University of Kassel (DE))

Oral Presentation

Astrophysical observations of radioactive isotopes, like 26Al, 44Ti, or 60Fe, provide insight into the nucleosynthesis of stellar cores [1]. Recently, the radioactive molecule 26AlF was unambiguously astronomically identified towards the object CK Vul [2] by rotational transitions in the microwave spectral region, using the radio telescope observatory ALMA and other telescope facilities. In...

40. Astrophysical properties for the 197Au(a,n)200Tl reaction in the energy range of 10-40 MeV

Ismail Hakki SARPÜN

Oral Presentation

In this study, the Talys 1.95 nuclear reaction code was used in the evaluation of 197Au(a,n)200Tl reaction cross-sections in 10-40 MeV incident energy range. EXFOR, Experimental Nuclear Reaction Library of IAEA, was used to get available experimental cross-section values of this reaction. The astrophysical S-factors that explain the probability of reaction in low energy were evaluated using...

171. Barium stars classification with s-process models using machine learning techniques

Jacqueline den Hartogh

Oral Presentation

On Monday, Andrés Yagüe López already presented our research on using machine learning techniques to compare models and observations of CEMP stars. In this talk, we will present our results on Ba stars (submitted to A&A). This analysis is done by systematically comparing a database of 169 Ba stars (de Castro et al 2016) with Asymptotic Giant Branch stellar models from FRUITY (Cristallo et al....

75. Beta-Delayed Neutron-Emission Probabilities of 20 neutron-rich Ag, Cd, In and Sn isotopes: Impacts on the second r-process peak formation

Phong Vi

Oral Presentation

V. H. Phong$^{1,2}$, S. Nishimura$^{1}$, G. Lorusso$^{1,3,4}$, T. Davinson$^{5}$, A. Estrade$^{6}$, O. Hall$^{5}$, T. Kawano$^{7}$, J. Liu$^{1,8}$, F. Montes$^{9}$, N. Nishimura$^{10,1}$, J. Agramunt$^{11}$, D.S. Ahn$^{1,12}$, A. Algora$^{11}$, J.M. Allmond$^{13}$, H. Baba$^{1}$, S. Bae$^{12}$, N.T. Brewer$^{13,14}$, C.G. Bruno$^{5}$, R. Caballero-Folch$^{15}$, F. Calvino$^{16}$, P.J....

49. Chemical abundance study on a large set of P-rich stars

Maren Brauner (Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC))

Oral Presentation

Chemically peculiar stars, such as the recently discovered metal-poor ([Fe/H]$\sim$-1) phosphorus-rich stars, query the current theories on stellar nucleosynthesis and galactic chemical evolution. Consequently, the origin of these stars, their progenitors and hence the source of phosphorus in the Galaxy remains unclear.
In this study, we achieved a remarkable enlargement of the P-rich stars...

34. Chemical Evolution of 26Al and 60Fe in the Milky Way

Arianna Vasini

Oral Presentation

We present the results of theoretical mass estimates of $^{26}$Al and $^{60}$Fe throughout the Galaxy, performed with a numerical chemical evolution model including detailed nucleosynthesis prescriptions for both stable and radioactive nuclides. We have tested several sets of stellar yields taken from the literature, either for massive, low and intermediate mass stars, nova systems (only for...

165. CLOSING

Roland Diehl

Morning session 2

96. Constraining r-process nucleosynthesis using $^{129}$I and $^{247}$Cm in the early Solar system

Dr Projjwal Banerjee (Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad)

Oral Presentation

A recent study by Côté et al. (2021) has shown that ratio of the observed abundances of short-lived radioisotopes $^{129}$I and $^{247}$Cm in the early solar system (ESS), that are almost exclusively produced by r-process, can be used to directly constrain the "last" r-process source that contributed before the formation of the Solar system due to fact that these two isotopes have...

90. Constraining the nu-p process via directly measured 56Ni(n,p) cross section

Hye Young Lee (Los Alamos National Laboratory)

Oral Presentation

For the increased interest on the impact of nu-p process in the search of an answer to the heavy element production puzzle in core-collapse supernovae, a direct (n,p) reaction measurement with the radioactive $^{56}$Ni (a half-life of 6 days) was performed at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). The radioactive 56Ni was produced by irradiating protons on a $^{59}$Co foil through the...

51. Cosmic radioactivity probing the epoch of SN or merger nucleosynthesis and neutrino interactions

Toshitaka Kajino

Oral Presentation

There is a growing consensus in recent multi-messenger astronomy that the neutron-star merger (NSM) could be a possible site for the production of heavy elements including long-lived radioactive nuclei. We will first discuss that the collapsar, which is very massive single star collapsing to a black hole, and core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) such as magneto-hydrodynamically driven-jets and...

71. Cosmogenic isotopes activity measured in Cavezzo, an anomalous L5 chondrite recovered in Italy

Dr Dario Barghini (INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Pino Torinese, Italy)

Oral Presentation

On January 1st 2020, eight cameras of the PRISMA fireball network detected a very bright bolide over the skies of northern-central Italy. Thanks to these observations, we were able to locate a strewn-field of few square kilometers and recover two specimens, weighing 3.1 g (F1) and 52.2 g (F2), just three days after the fall.
Laboratory analysis on the Cavezzo meteorite showed substantial...

48. Dating supernova grain formation using radioactive isotopes

Ulrich Ott

Oral Presentation

The abundance of decay products of radioactive, now extinct, isotopes in stardust grains can provide constraints on the formation time of these grains, which means the time between nucleosynthesis of a given radioactive isotope and grain formation. As common in dating schemes, the application requires a separation between the elements of the parent and the daughter isotope. An obvious way is...

98. Decay properties of the nuclei with neutron number N=126: A stretch of the r-process pathway

Mr A. Jain (Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Manipal University Jaipur-303007, India)

Oral Presentation

Neutron-rich nuclei around the closed neutron shell N = 126 are of great importance for understanding the astrophysical r-process, specially for the solar r-abundance distribution [1,2]. These radioactive isotopes can also be used as projectiles for synthesizing super-heavy nuclei which is one of the most interesting challenges in nuclear physics. In the present work, inspired from recent...

47. Deep underground laboratory measurement of 13C(α,n)16O in the Gamow windows of the s- and i-processes

Weiping Lin (Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Sichuan University)

Oral Presentation

The 13C(α,n)16O reaction is the main neutron source for the slow neutron capture process (s-process) in the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars [1] and for the intermediate process (i-process) [2]. It is activated at the temperature around T = 0.1 GK [3,4] and 0.2 GK [2], which correspond to the Gamow windows of Ecm = 0.15 – 0.3 MeV and 0.2 – 0.54 MeV, for the s- and i-processes, respectively....

64. Distributing nucleosynthesis ejecta

Roland Diehl

Discussion (Introduction and Facilitation)

Sources of nucleosynthesis may occur in different interstellar environments, from empty fields through clusters of sources, such as in massive-star groups. Such differences are important for the recycling times and efficiencies towards next-generation star formation. With radioactivity from 26Al we have a tool to trace ejecta flows over millions of years. With 60Fe (and 244Pu) in terrestrial...

68. First direct measurement of the 13N(alpha,p)16O reaction relevant for core-collapse supernovae

Heshani Jayatissa

Oral Presentation

The first direct measurement of the total $^{13}$N($\alpha$,p)$^{16}$O reaction cross sections was performed using a 34.6 MeV beam of radioactive $^{13}$N and the active-target detector MUSIC at Argonne National Laboratory. The $^{13}$N($\alpha$,p)$^{16}$O reaction affects the nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) for a range of relevant temperatures according to several recent...

60. First preliminary results on the s-process branchings 79Se(n,g) and 94Nb(n,g) and future prospects

Cesar Domingo Pardo (Univ. of Valencia and CSIC (ES))

Oral Presentation

The recent upgrade of the CERN n_TOF neutron-spallation target has resulted in improved experimental conditions regarding neutron-energy resolution and background level. A concomitant effort has been also made in terms of detection systems, thereby remarkably improving some limitations of previous set-ups. These upgrades, together with a major effort on sample production at PSI and ILL, have...

153. First β-decay spectroscopy of 135In and new β-decay branches of 134In

Monika Piersa-Silkowska (CERN)

Afternoon session 2

86. Galactic Chemical Evolution of Short-Lived Radioactive Isotopes in the Milky Way galaxy

Dr Tejpreet Kaur (Punjab University, India)

Oral Presentation

We have developed Galactic Chemical Evolution (GCE) models to understand the spatial and temporal distribution of the short-lived radionuclides (SLRs), $^{26}$Al, $^{36}$Cl, $^{41}$Ca, $^{53}$Mn, and $^{60}$Fe in the Milky way galaxy. In our simulations, the galaxy is radially divided into eight annular rings of 2 kpc width from 2-18 kpc to study the evolution of each galactic ring...

44. Galactic Chemical Evolution with radioactive isotopes

Dr Benjamin Wehmeyer (Konkoly Obs & Univ Hertfordshire)

Oral Presentation

In addition to the insights gained by studying the galactic evolution of chemical elements, short lived radioisotopes contain additional information on astrophysical nucleosynthesis sites.
Meteorites can carry information about the nucleosynthetic conditions in the early Solar System using short lived radioisotopes [1][2], while detections of live isotopes of cosmic origin in the deep sea...

91. Galactic evolution of radio- and rock-forming nuclides and their expression in terrestrial exoplanet geodynamics

Prof. Stephen J. Mojzsis (CSFK, ORI)

Oral Presentation

Unlike the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram for stars, there remains no formal classification for solid exoplanets composed of varying proportions of gas, rock+metals and ice. Still, as with stars, planetary mass and composition – expressed in geochemical and cosmochemical terms – mold bulk physical characteristics. Two physical attributes control terrestrial-type planet interior dynamics:...

77. How do pozitron-trapping and titanium decay change light curve models of SESNe?

Andrea Nagy

Oral Presentation

Stripped-envelope (Type IIb and Ib/c) supernovae form a special group within core-collapse SNe because their progenitor lost a significant amount of the H and He layers during the pre-supernova evolution. And as far as we know, there are some discrepancies between the physical parameters derived from their early- and late-time light curve models. Moreover, most of these events show a peculiar...

39. Investigation of cross section and reaction rate for 155Gd (n,g)156Gd reaction in the range of 0-0.5 MeV

Dr Unal YILDIRIR (Göynük Science High School)

Oral Presentation

In this study, the cross-sections of 155Gd(n,g)156Gd reaction in the 0-0.5 MeV incident energy range were evaluated by using TALYS 1.95 nuclear reaction code. Available experimental cross-section values of this reaction were obtained from EXFOR, Experimental Nuclear Reaction Library of IAEA. Both, experimental and theoretical cross section values were interpreted by using graphical...

100. Live Pu-244 in deep-sea archives and the r process

Anton Wallner (Australian National University (AU))

Oral Presentation

The recent detection of interstellar Pu-244 in deep-sea samples points to an influx into the solar system of short-lived r-process nuclides over the past 10 million years. The Pu was found in a terrestrial sample that has grown over million years, together with supernova (SN)-produced Fe-60 (2.6 Myr half-life). Pu-244 is radioactive (81 Myr) and must have been produced within a few half-lives;...

54. Looking for dust in core-collapse supernovae with a Bayesian approach

Szanna Zsíros

Oral Presentation

Dust plays a key role in fundamental astrophysical processes, while, supernova (SN) explosions provide an exceptional opportunity to examine both the final explosions of massive stars and their impact on their circumstellar environment. Furthermore, theoretical expectations and observations advocate that a significant amount of dust can be produced during or before SN explosions. Nevertheless,...

74. Mass measurements of neutron-rich gallium and indium isotopes for r-process studies

Gabriella Kripkó-Koncz (II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, Germany)

Oral Presentation

The astrophysical rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) is believed to be responsible for the production of approximately half of the chemical elements heavier than iron. The accurate modelling of the r-process nucleosynthesis needs reliable experimental nuclear data, especially for nuclei around closed neutron shells serving as waiting points, this has been shown by sensitivity studies...

42. Measurement of (d, p) and (d, $^3$He) reactions with $^{7}$Be in the context of lithium abundance anomaly

Mr Sk Mustak Ali (Bose Institute)

Oral Presentation

The disagreement between abundances of observed $^{7}$Li in metal-poor halo stars and primordial $^{7}$Li as predicted by Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) theory is unsolved for decades. Before considering new physics beyond standard model, recent works tried to search for a nuclear physics solution. This includes studying the cross sections of relevant nuclear reactions, particularly those...

83. Measurement of the 7Be(p,γ)8B at astrophysical energies using a radioactive 7Be ion beam

Raffaele Buompane (University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" and INFN - National Institute for Nuclear Physics)

Oral Presentation

The cross section of $\rm ^7Be(p,\gamma)^8B$ represents one of the more important reaction for the prediction of high energy component of solar neutrino spectrum and it has also a direct impact on the $\rm ^7Li$ abundance after the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. The importance of this reaction triggered an intense experimental work over the last decades, where discrepancies were observed between...

157. Neutrino sources, Neutrino background, and Radioactivity in Meteorites

Michael Wiescher

Morning session 1

56. Neutron induced reactions and unstable nuclei: recent THM investigations at astrophysical energies

Dr Maria Letizia Sergi (UniCT & INFN-LNS)

Oral Presentation

Neutron induced reactions on unstable nuclei play a significant role in the nucleosynthesis of the elements in the cosmos. Their interest range from the primordial processes occurred during the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis up to the “stellar cauldrons” where neutron capture reactions build up heavy elements. In the last years, several efforts have been made to investigate the possibility of...

50. New 59Fe Stellar Decay Rate and its Implications for the 60Fe Radioactivity in Massive Stars

Bingshui Gao

Oral Presentation

The discrepancy between observations from γ-ray astronomy of the 60Fe/26Al γ-ray flux ratio and recent calculations is an unresolved puzzle in nuclear astrophysics. The stellar β-decay rate of 59Fe is one of the major nuclear uncertainties impeding us from a precise prediction. Due to contributions from thermally populated low-lying states in 59Fe, the total β-decay rate in a typical...

32. On the discrepancy between the observed and predicted abundances of the radioactive isotope $^7$Be produced in nova explosions

Pavel Denisenkov (University of Victoria)

Oral Presentation

Recent measurements of the $^7$Be abundance in nova ejecta show that
it may exceed theoretically predicted values by an order of magnitude.
I will demonstrate that this discrepancy can be significantly reduced
if a nova explosion model takes into account that, according to
observations, nova envelopes are enriched in $^4$He. I will also explain
why the assumption that nova accreted...

43. Pathways of metal flows in the Milky Way as traced by 26Al

Martin Krause (University of Hertfordshire)

Oral Presentation

We studied the distribution and kinematics of metal flows
in the Milky Way with INTEGRAL observations of the 1.8 MeV
radioactive decay line of 26Al and hydrodynamic simulations.
The gamma rays pinpoint the flows of freshly produced metals
from massive stars about 1 Myr (decay time) after ejection.
We find in concordance from simulations
and observations that 26Al is mostly ejected...

55. PIC simulations of relativistic jets with toroidal magnetic field

Kenichi Nishikawa (Alabama A&M University)

Oral Presentation

The properties of relativistic jets, their interaction with the ambient environment, and particle acceleration due to kinetic instabilities are studied self-consistently with Particle-in-Cell simulations. An important key issue is how a toroidal magnetic field affects the evolution of an electron-positron and electron-proton jets, how kinetic instabilities such as the Weibel instability (WI),...

97. Production of short-lived radioactive isotopes in the ejecta of core-collapse supernovae

Dr Marco Pignatari (Hull University)

Oral Presentation

The relic of short-lived radioactive isotopes (SLRs) with half-lives between 0.1 to 100 Myr can be used to probe the origin of the Solar System. While these isotopes were made in stars shortly before the formation of the solar system, their comparison with theoretical stellar models is extremely challenging. In this talk I discuss the comparison between the signature of 15 SLRs in different...

63. Prospects for Nucleosynthesis Observations with NASA’s new Gamma-Ray Mission COSI

Thomas Siegert (JMU Würzburg)

Oral Presentation

For 20 years, the spectrometer SPI on INTEGRAL was and still is the only gamma-ray telescope to observe active nucleosynthesis in the Milky Way. The nuclear line emissions of the 26Al decay from massive stars, 22Na and 7Be decay from novae, 44Ti and 56Co decay from supernovae — all have been studied with SPI. Because of this long exposure time and steady improvements for handling the...

62. r-Process Radioisotopes from Near-Earth Supernovae and Kilonovae

Xilu Wang (Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Oral Presentation

The astrophysical sites where $r$-process elements are synthesized remain mysterious: it is clear that neutron-star-mergers (kilonovae, KNe) contribute, and some classes of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) are also possible sources of at least the lighter $r$-process species. The discovery of $^{60}$Fe on the Earth and Moon implies that one or more astrophysical explosions have occurred near the...

61. r-Process sites and their role in producing the heaviest elements and their radioactive isotopes

Prof. Friedrich-Karl Thielemann (University of Basel and GSI Darmstadt)

Oral Presentation

Various nucleosynthesis studies have predicted the ejection of rapid neutron capture r-process elements. They include (i) core-collapse supernovae with a very weak r-process, possibly producing trans-Fe elements Sr, Y, Zr (and continuing to slightly higher mass numbers), (ii) quark-deconfinement supernovae with a weak r-process contribution (including Eu in small amounts), (iii)...

52. Radioactive isotopes as tracers for the origin of micrometeorites

Jenny Feige

Oral Presentation

Solar system objects are constantly bombarded by solar and galactic cosmic-rays generating cosmogenic radioactive isotopes. The measurement of such isotopes in interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) provides an important step towards reconstructing the time they spent in space and hence, towards identifying the nature and origin of their parent bodies.
Generally, IDPs are produced from...

72. Radioactive molecules for astrophysics

Shane Wilkins (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Oral Presentation

Radioactive isotopes play an increasingly important role in our understanding of the Universe [Die18]. The benefits of observing them are two-fold; the presence of a given radioactive isotope itself provides a signature to probe the stellar nucleosynthesis processes that created it, and its radioactive half-life acts as a sensitive tracer of the timescale of the dynamics involved in its...

87. Reaction rates of alpha-induced reactions from the new Atomki-V2 $\alpha$-nucleus potential

Dr Peter Mohr (Atomki Debrecen, Huingary)

Oral Presentation

$\alpha$-induced reactions play an essential role in various astrophysical scenarios. For intermediate mass and heavy target nuclei, various $\alpha$-nucleus optical model potentials (AOMP) predict reaction rates which may differ by orders of magnitude. This wide range of predictions complicates nucleosynthesis calculations in reaction networks, in particular for the $p$-process with uncertain...

79. Short-lived radioactive isotopes from massive binary stars and the early Solar System

Hannah Brinkman

Oral Presentation

Massive stars eject the products of their nuclear burning into the stellar medium via stellar winds and supernova explosion. Chemical yields from single massive stars are widely available in the literature. However, massive stars are often found in binary systems, and the effects of binary interactions on the yields have not been taken into account in most previous studies. We present our work...

81. Simulation of production of the cosmogenic radionuclides in loess

Nikola Veselinovic

Oral Presentation

Development of a Geant4 application which models propagation and interaction of cosmic rays with the soil - loess, including the simulation of creation of cosmogenic radionuclides in soil is reported. CORSIKA is used to simulate the propagation of cosmic rays through atmosphere to the ground. The distribution of concentration of produced radionuclides by depth from simulation is presented...

82. Spectroscopy of $^{48}$Cr by the $^{50}$Cr($p,t$)$^{48}$Cr reaction

Philip Adsley (Texas A&M University)

Oral Presentation

The radioactive nucleus $^{44}$Ti is thought to be produced in Core-Collapse Supernovae (CCSNe) with the amount produced being sensitive to internal dynamics of the explosion. As such, $^{44}$Ti is a potential diagnostic tool for understanding the behaviour of these stellar explosions.

The amount of $^{44}$Ti produced depends not only on the production reactions but also on the destruction...

45. Technetium in and Mass-Loss from Mira Stars

Stefan Uttenthaler

Oral Presentation

Not predicted by stellar evolution theory, observations find that Miras without the 3DUP indicator technetium (Tc) in their atmospheres have a higher near-to-mid IR colours than their Tc-rich siblings (Uttenthaler 2013, A&A 556, A38). Since a near-to-mid IR colour such as K-WISE4 is an indicator of the mass-loss rate of AGB stars, this suggests that the mass-loss rate from post-3DUP Miras is...

53. The $\gamma$-process nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae

Lorenzo Roberti (Konkoly Observatory, CSFK)

Oral Presentation

The nucleosynthesis of elements heavier than iron in stars is one of the most relevant topics in nuclear astrophysics. The neutron-capture processes made most of the abundances of heavy elements in the solar system, but they are not able to make a number of rare proton-rich stable isotopes ($p$-nuclei) lying on the left side of the valley of stability. The $\gamma$-process, i.e. a chain of...

76. The $^{39,41,42}$Ar nuclides as probes of neutron-induced reactions in a high-density plasma at the National Ignition Facility: a proposed experiment and calibration measurements

Prof. Michael Paul (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem)

Oral Presentation

Inertial fusion laser-induced implosions at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) are a unique environment to reproduce astrophysical conditions in the laboratory. The laser energy is used to compress and heat a capsule filled with deuterium-tritium fuel to conditions (density, temperature, and pressure) comparable to or exceeding those in the center of stars. Recent experiments at NIF first...

37. The Emerging Theory of Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions

Prof. Adam Burrows (Princeton)

Oral Presentation

Using our code Fornax we have simulated the collapse and explosion of the cores of many massive-star models in three spatial dimensions. This is the most comprehensive set of realistic 3D core-collapse supernova (CCSN) simulations yet performed and has provided very important insights into the mechanism and character of this 50-year-old astrophysical puzzle. I will present detailed results...

46. The intermediate neutron capture process in AGB stars

Arthur Choplin (Université Libre de Bruxelles)

Oral Presentation

Despite considerable progresses over the past decades, the origin of trans-iron elements is not yet fully understood. In addition to the slow (s) and rapid (r) neutron capture processes, an intermediate neutron capture process (i-process) is thought to exist at neutron densities intermediate between the s- and r-processes. The isotopic signature of some pre-solar grains and the chemical...

94. The origin of elements and the formation of the Milky Way

Prof. Chiaki Kobayashi (Univ. of Hertfordshire)

Oral Presentation

Heavier elements then helium are created inside stars; alpha elements are mainly produced from core-collapse supernovae, while the majority of iron-peak elements are from Type Ia supernovae. Neutron-capture elements are produced from AGB stars, electron-capture supernovae, magneto-rotational supernovae, and neutron-star megers. Mass loss from AGB stars and (rotating) massive stars produce a...

73. The production of 10Be in the supernova neutrino process

Andre Sieverding (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

Oral Presentation

The radioactive isotope $^{10}$Be is among those that have been present when the solar system formed. We review the production of this isotope in core-collapse supernovae via the $\nu$-process considering results from modern multi-dimensional simulations, as well as the sensitivity to nuclear reactions.
Recent nuclear experiments suggest that the cross-section of the most important...

80. The radiogenic heating of planets and the 40K question

Georgios Perdikakis (Central Michigan University)

Oral Presentation

The quantity of radioactive isotopes in a planet's mantle and the evolution of its heating due to the isotopes' radioactive decay determines the capability of that planet to develop geological features associated with a habitable environment, such as surface crust and plate tectonics. When our solar system was formed, large quantities of Potassium (K), a major element available in the...

36. The tunable Laue lens – a new telescope for MeV gamma rays

Niels Lund

Oral Presentation

Observations of the gamma rays from radioactive decays in astrophysical sources are severely hampered by limited instrument sensitivities and the dominant background caused by interactions of high energy cosmic rays inside the spacecraft and the instrument. Background suppression is essential and can be most effectively implemented by exploiting the geometric constraints in the Compton...

41. Uncertainty Analysis of 23Mg(p,γ)24Al reaction rate occurring in Classical Novae

Edwin Amanda Crystal (Saint Mary's University, Halifax)

Oral Presentation

Aim: To study the effect of uncertainty in 23Mg(p,γ)24Al reaction rate occurring in O-Ne and C-O novae at Classical Nova temperatures by performing a comparative study of one-zone nova nucleosynthesis for different rates of this reaction from the JINA-Reaclib database references.
Background: Stellar burning sites are the primary sources of vast majority of elements heavier than...

35. Understanding 22Na cosmic abundance

Chloé Fougères (GANIL (FRANCE))

Oral Presentation

Simulations of explosive nucleosynthesis in novae predict the production of the radioisotope $^{22}$Na. Its half-life of 2.6 yr makes it a very interesting astronomical observable by allowing space and time correlations with the astrophysical object. This radioisotope should bring constraints on nova models. It may also help to explain abnormal $^{22}$Ne abundance observed in presolar grains...

99. Universal relations for rapidly rotating cold and hot hybrid stars

Noshad Largani (University of Wroclaw )

Oral Presentation

Various global parameters of compact stars can be related via some empirical relations, that are
independent of the equation of state (EOS). These are known as universal relations. They seem to
hold for the maximum mass and the corresponding radii of non-rotating and maximally rapidly
rotating configurations, as well as their moment of inertia. Numerous studies have focused on the
case of...

67. Upgrading the dppn45 post-processing nucleosynthesis code

Balázs Szányi (Konkoly Observatory, University of Szeged)

Oral Presentation

Decay rates have a significant effect on the abundance of branching point elements and short-lived nuclei. Thus, a correct description of the decay rates is essential for the accurate study of the s-process in AGB stars. The dppns45 post-processing nucleosynthesis code calculates the changes in the abundances of isotopes due to mixing and nuclear burning after the detailed stellar structure...

69. Using $^{31}$Cl $\beta$-Delayed Proton Decay to Constrain $^{30}$P($p,\gamma$)$^{31}$S in ONe novae

Tamas Budner (Michigan State University)

Oral Presentation

Sensitivity studies have identified $^{30}$P$(p,\gamma)^{31}$S as crucial for understanding nucleosynthesis of $A\geq 30$ nuclides in oxygen-neon (ONe) novae, affecting the calibration of nuclear thermometers and the identification of the origins of $^{30}$Si-enriched presolar grains. A radioactive beam experiment was performed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory to measure...

85. Verifying footprints of solar cycles and supernovae in polar ice cores

Yuko Motizuki (RIKEN)

Oral Presentation

Polar ice cores can yield information about astronomical phenomena as well as
information about climate changes of the past. More than 40 years ago, Rood
and his colleagues suggested a possibility that such a polar ice core preserved
footprints of historical supernovae and solar cycles (Rood et al., Nature, 1979).
In the Rood’s work, the signatures of three historical supernovae were...

38. Very massive stars winds as sources of the short-lived $^{26}$Al radioactive isotope

Sébastien Martinet (Université de Genève)

Oral Presentation

The $^{26}$Al short-lived radioactive nucleus is the source of the observed galactic diffuse emission at 1.8 MeV. While different sources of $^{26}$Al have been explored, such as AGB stars, massive stars winds, and supernovae, the contribution of very massive stars have never been studied.

We present new results on the stellar wind contribution of very massive stars, i.e. stars with...

29. Welcome

Róbert Szabó, Marco Pignatari (Hull University)

Morning session 1

166. Welcome

Róbert Szabó, Marco Pignatari (Hull University)

Morning session 1