2018 CAP Congress / Congrès de l'ACP 2018

POS-25 Impedance Growth in Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells

12 Jun 2018, 18:00

1h 30m

SUB McInnes Hall (Dalhousie University)

Poster Competition (Graduate Student) / Compétition affiche (Étudiant(e) 2e ou 3e cycle) Condensed Matter and Materials Physics / Physique de la matière condensée et matériaux (DCMMP-DPMCM) DCMMP Poster Session & Finals: Poster Competition and Mingle Session with Industry Partners (28) / Employers | Session d'affiches DPMCM et finales: Concours d'affiches et rencontres avec partenaires industriels et employeurs (28)

Speaker

Rochelle Weber (Materials Engineering Program, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada)

Description

The widespread adoption of electric vehicles over gas-powered transport is essential to our sustainable future. Consequently, the lithium-ion batteries used for electric cars are receiving more and more attention. Lithium-ion cells with LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (NCA) positive electrodes have been observed to lose capacity during their lifetime as a result of impedance growth.1,2 Understanding the origin of the impedance growth is important to improving the lifetime of these cells, which in turn can help make electric vehicles more desirable to consumers and speed the adoption of sustainable transport.

In this study impedance growth was observed to contribute to capacity loss in pouch cells with NCA positive electrodes and graphite, graphite-SiO, or graphite-SiC negative electrodes. The positive electrode was observed to have drastic impedance growth during cycling while the negative electrode impedance was small in comparison. The impedance growth for NCA pouch cells was controlled by cycling in the limited voltage range of 3.0 V – 3.8 V, while impedance growth was still observed for cells cycled only at high voltage (3.8 V – 4.2 V). Additionally, the magnitude of impedance was highest near 4.2 V. The cathode material undergoes irreversible impedance growth in the high voltage region. Differential capacity vs. voltage (dQ/dV) for the NCA material shows a peak at 4.2 V vs Li/Li+, which may correspond to the impedance growth at high voltage. Similar experiments are also presented for pouch cells with LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) or LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (NMC532) positive electrodes. Understanding the dQ/dV peak at 4.2 V vs Li/Li+ for these positive electrode materials may be important for preventing capacity loss from impedance growth during long term cycling.

1. Abraham, D. P.; Knuth, J. L.; Dees, D. W.; Bloom, I.; Christophersen, J. P. Performance Degradation of High-Power Lithium-Ion Cells—Electrochemistry of Harvested Electrodes J. Power Sources 2007, 170, 465– 475
2. Seung-Taek Myung, Filippo Maglia, Kang-Joon Park, Chong Seung Yoon, Peter Lamp, Sung-Jin Kim, and Yang-Kook Sun. Nickel-Rich Layered Cathode Materials for Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries: Achievements and Perspectives, ACS Energy Letters, 2017, 2, 196-223.