Speaker
Description
This report articulates a two-fold investigation. First, it establishes Pulsar Wind Nebulae (PWNe) as a pivotal source class for the acceleration of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs), concentrating on the origin and propagation of CR protons. The analysis delineates the proton acceleration mechanism at the PWN termination shock and their ensuing escape into the interstellar medium. A key finding is that the time-evolving spin-down power of the central pulsar critically imprints the escaping CR spectrum, generating a high-energy cutoff that diminishes with the source's age. A population synthesis study, which convolves the Galactic distribution and properties of known PWNe, reveals that their aggregate emission can predominantly define the observed CR proton spectrum between approximately 100 TeV and 1 PeV. Second, the report introduces the simulation work and science preparatory activities for the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) at TDLI. This forthcoming international gamma-ray observatory, a collaborative project involving China and Chile, holds substantial promise for groundbreaking studies of particle acceleration in PWNe.
