The Keystone mission is one of four mission ideas selected for assessment study as a potential mission for ESA’s Earth Explorer 12. It targets the observations of atomic oxygen, composition, temperature and wind in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The mission concept is currently being developed through an assessment study undertaken by a Mission Advisory Group (co-authors above) led by...
A small number of studies, principally conducted using lightning data from the UK, have suggested that a connection exists between solar wind magnetic structure and terrestrial weather phenomena. Following these earlier studies, we investigate the hypothesis that there may be a connection between lightning rates and changes in polarity of the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF) by using data...
Understanding the response of large-scale atmospheric circulation to radiative forcing agents is important for climate prediction. The radiative forcing from volcanic stratospheric aerosol is one of the most important natural climate forcings, with impacts on surface temperature and atmospheric dynamics. In this study, we explore changes in the energetic properties of the Hadley and Ferrel...
The Optical Spectrograph Infrared Imager System (OSIRIS) is an imaging spectrometer developed by researchers at the University of Saskatchewan that is currently on board the Swedish Odin satellite. OSIRIS conducts ozone measurements of the atmosphere by measuring the spectrum of limb-scattered sunlight, which are then later processed to retrieve vertical atmospheric profiles of ozone. Since...
Snow cover plays a crucial role in Earth's energy budget as both a reflective and insulative material. Accurately representing snow properties in climate models and weather forecasts is challenging due to their high spatial and temporal variability, which is particularly important in the polar regions. This variability affects microwave radiative transfer, leading to significant uncertainties...
