Speaker
Description
1 Abstract
1.1 Introduction
Venous pressure measurements hold significant clinical importance in intensive
care units, where hemorrhagic shock is a common concern. Traditionally, as-
sessing venous pressure has required catheterization, a risky invasive procedure.
Photoplethysmography (PPG) offers a non-invasive alternative through optical
sensing, where fluctuations in local blood volume modulate the light transmit-
ted through tissue [1]. Developing a robust method to measure Internal Jugular
Vein (IJV) pressure using optical techniques could provide a non-invasive alter-
native to traditional catheterization methods [2].
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this case study was to use readily available PPG sensors over
the IJV to evaluate the feasibility of measuring central venous pressure. The
Valsalva manoeuvre, a well-known technique for modulating venous pressure,
was employed to determine if a change in signal becomes observable.
1.3 Methods
A cloth PPG sensor was repurposed and placed transversely over the IJV. Red
and infrared channel data were recorded and low-pass filtered to isolate the non-
pulsatile PPG component. Blood pooling in the IJV, indicated by its expansion
and increased light absorption, is hypothesized to produce a drop in the low-
frequency signal.
1.4 Results
The repurposed PPG sensor was able to detect the IJV pulse. The low-passed
output displayed a drop during Valsava.
1
1.5 Discussion
The ability of the repurposed sensor to detect the IJV pulse and pressure change
was demonstrated. Further calibration and application exploration efforts would
advance this research toward clinical applicability. This technology suffers from
motion artifacts, thus requiring mitigating methodologies, technologies, and al-
gorithms.
1.6 Conclusion
This study demonstrated the feasibility of optically sensing the jugular venous
pulse and relative pressure using a common clinical cloth PPG sensor. Future
work will involve a population study to validate these preliminary findings and
assess the broader applicability of this approach.
References
[1] T. Tamura, ”Current progress of photoplethysmography and SPO2 for
health monitoring,” Biomedical Engineering Letters, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 21–36,
Feb. 2019. DOI: 10.1007/s13534-019-00097-w.
[2] J. F. Hill, J. Campbell, J. G. Chase, and C. G. Pretty, ”Estimation of Ve-
nous Oxygen Saturation Through Non-Invasive Optical Sensing at the Jugu-
lar Veins,” Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering, vol. 10, no. 4, pp.
295-298, 2024. DOI: 10.1515/cdbme-2024-2072.
| Keyword-1 | Photoplethysmography |
|---|---|
| Keyword-2 | Central Venous Pressure |
| Keyword-3 | Internal Jugular Vein |
