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The formation of stones in the human body, such as gallbladder and kidney, is a painful medical condition; however, their thermal stability and phase behavior remain insufficiently explored. Understanding the thermodynamic properties of such bio- materials can provide valuable insights about formation mechanisms. In the present study, a comparative thermal characterization of gallbladder and renal stones was carried out using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) over the temperature range of 20 ℃ to 200 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min. The heating thermograms revealed distinct endothermic peaks corresponding to crystal–isotropic phase transitions in both samples. Thermodynamic properties like enthalpy and entropy changes were studied for these stone samples. The results demonstrate that DSC is an effective technique for distinguishing the thermal characteristics of biological stones and may contribute to a better understanding of their composition, stability, and formation processes.