WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.719 Jie Gao: Screenshot. This meeting is being recorded. 2 00:00:02.990 --> 00:00:05.070 Jie Gao: Could you see my screen shared. 3 00:00:08.950 --> 00:00:09.849 Stefania Juks: Yes, yes. 4 00:00:09.850 --> 00:00:15.779 Jie Gao: Okay, okay, so so thank you for the kind 5 00:00:16.070 --> 00:00:24.380 Jie Gao: invitation. And I am pleased to give this talk. Cpc towards a sustainable green Hicks factory. 6 00:00:26.050 --> 00:00:29.019 Jie Gao: So so Cpc. 7 00:00:29.230 --> 00:00:41.000 Jie Gao: As you know, is only one of the future history plans. So this is a circular one. So in addition to linear ones. 8 00:00:41.210 --> 00:00:55.760 Jie Gao: So this is a Cpc. Looks like a hundred kilometer. So for the Higgs energy and other 3 energies wz and Tt. Bar as upgrade. 9 00:00:56.040 --> 00:01:15.859 Jie Gao: So this is the scientific goals. So, to simplify the scientific goal, we can see that taking only Hicks, for example, for 10 years running for the baseline, we will collect 3 millions of Higgs. 10 00:01:16.250 --> 00:01:38.639 Jie Gao: for example. So this is the goal. So to reach this goal, we need to optimize the machine in terms of cost, and surely, which connects in relation with Co 2 emissions. Secondly, we have to identify the technology which 11 00:01:38.790 --> 00:01:45.640 Jie Gao: has a big impact or interrelation between the 12 00:01:46.220 --> 00:02:10.050 Jie Gao: the power consumption and the technology and then make R&D's and technology improvements. And also we need to recover the use, the waste, the heat, and also use green energy. So this is some aspect, and there's an effort, and the papers published. I listed here. 13 00:02:12.170 --> 00:02:19.429 Jie Gao: So this is the the Cpc machine, and this is the the budget 14 00:02:19.910 --> 00:02:26.599 Jie Gao: for the for the energy repetition, for example, for the forest 15 00:02:27.020 --> 00:02:35.440 Jie Gao: block. This is the Higgs running of baseline, so you can see that the total a power 16 00:02:35.600 --> 00:02:51.380 Jie Gao: is about 260 megawatt, and inside these total power budget the most power consumption is from Rf. 17 00:02:52.050 --> 00:03:14.609 Jie Gao: And then from the magnets and the utilities which there are many cooling waters and something. There's a low temperature heat there and also cryogenic system. So I just give you so several examples of these source of energy consumption. 18 00:03:14.890 --> 00:03:17.110 Jie Gao: Okay, so this is the 19 00:03:17.850 --> 00:03:28.160 Jie Gao: in terms of machine optimization design. So the 1st part is, how long is the machine and 20 00:03:28.720 --> 00:03:53.630 Jie Gao: and how to design this machine to make the including the operation, to reach the design goal. That means how many Hicks you want and and to make a cost a minimum, because if design is different and the lens of the machine is different, surely the cost will be different, and also the seal to 21 00:03:53.810 --> 00:04:03.480 Jie Gao: to compare the the for the heat as a Higgs factory. Imagine we, if you compare the Higgs 22 00:04:04.490 --> 00:04:07.809 Jie Gao: per the Co. 2 23 00:04:08.280 --> 00:04:24.470 Jie Gao: per Higgs. That means, during all your scientific operation, to get these several millions of Higgs and the Co. 2 per Higgs, and then you want to make it a minimum. So this is 24 00:04:24.730 --> 00:04:42.639 Jie Gao: but surely to calculate that you need to make some assumptions, for example, to compare with different machines, and we assume we are all using green energies, but in reality surely different places might use different kinds of energies. I will show you. 25 00:04:43.330 --> 00:05:01.590 Jie Gao: So this is the electricity status in China, for example, and you can see different places, province and the composition of the type of energies there. So I will not this just like information. 26 00:05:01.760 --> 00:05:11.909 Jie Gao: And also this is the carbon intensity, expectation from 20 from here from 2010 until 27 00:05:12.380 --> 00:05:33.269 Jie Gao: 2035. This is just for you. Information late. But China now is since April this year. April. Already nuclear power is already, both including the built and planned under construction. 28 00:05:33.380 --> 00:05:35.939 Jie Gao: already reached, the 1st in the world 29 00:05:36.280 --> 00:05:44.550 Jie Gao: and in terms of 2,035. So the nuclear power in China will be 30 00:05:44.720 --> 00:05:47.360 Jie Gao: 10% of the total electric power. 31 00:05:47.490 --> 00:05:56.840 Jie Gao: So the the carbon, the the Co. 2 emission around 30 will be achieved. The peak. 32 00:05:57.130 --> 00:06:01.319 Jie Gao: and at 60 we'll get neutrality 33 00:06:01.480 --> 00:06:07.360 Jie Gao: before 62,060. And from this power 34 00:06:08.443 --> 00:06:19.690 Jie Gao: breakdown. So we identified some key technologies really to to try to reduce the. 35 00:06:19.880 --> 00:06:25.589 Jie Gao: the, the, the power of the machine, and to to 36 00:06:25.890 --> 00:06:41.060 Jie Gao: to recover some waste heat, energy as energy. So this is something as a goal. So we know what we should do, and in the following is what we have done. 37 00:06:41.240 --> 00:06:50.640 Jie Gao: So so the key thing, as I said, the Rf. Is the most power consumed, and surely the cholesterol 38 00:06:50.870 --> 00:07:07.560 Jie Gao: is the key thing. So if you increase 1%, even so, you will reduce the power. So this is a very significant impact. So we have developed the high efficiency cholesterols. 39 00:07:07.590 --> 00:07:25.419 Jie Gao: And I will not go to the detail. And the most we have reached 78%. This is the highest in the world, and we try to use energy recovery type. Cholesterol to single stage can reach 85 and 2 stage 40 00:07:25.640 --> 00:07:31.370 Jie Gao: in theory can reach 90%. So this is something we are working on. 41 00:07:32.230 --> 00:07:45.730 Jie Gao: Okay, for example, this is energy recovery cholesterol. It looks like that. This is one stage one. So 85%, if 2 stage collector, and then it can reach 90%. 42 00:07:47.395 --> 00:07:48.230 Jie Gao: So 43 00:07:48.340 --> 00:08:12.380 Jie Gao: about superconducting accelerator which consumes also for cryogenics. So if the Q factor can be increased, so also the cryogenic system A/C power will reduce. So this is the figure to show if you increase the Q factor, and then you will reduce cryogenic A/C power. 44 00:08:12.980 --> 00:08:25.920 Jie Gao: So this is the cavity and the Q factor. For example, this is 651 cell. This is the reach, the highest in the world, the Q value 6 45 00:08:26.040 --> 00:08:27.649 Jie Gao: 10 to 10. 46 00:08:29.125 --> 00:08:30.290 Jie Gao: So 47 00:08:31.050 --> 00:08:53.949 Jie Gao: now also other advanced technology about nowbium 13. In this case, if this technology has a breakthrough and the cryogenic system can work at 4, 2 k. Instead of 2 k. In this case the cryogenics power can be reduced. So this is something we're working on that. 48 00:08:54.310 --> 00:09:07.419 Jie Gao: And also, as I said, the magnets is a big part of the power consumption source. And then there are some development for the permanent magnets. For example, this is dipoles 49 00:09:07.560 --> 00:09:21.960 Jie Gao: has been used in hubs, light source, and this we have experiences in these these permanent magnets. And also we are trying to. We're developing 50 00:09:22.110 --> 00:09:30.989 Jie Gao: permanent magnets for the quadruples which can be adjusted. Not a fixed value but can adjust. So this is something 51 00:09:31.540 --> 00:09:34.010 Jie Gao: under underway. 52 00:09:35.550 --> 00:09:41.610 Jie Gao: Also the power supply and solid state, and and also the 53 00:09:42.000 --> 00:09:54.309 Jie Gao: the heat pump. This kind of thing to try to recovery, the the ambient, the heat waste heat 54 00:09:54.520 --> 00:10:02.619 Jie Gao: to use it, and also sorry. And also by using the 55 00:10:02.870 --> 00:10:09.874 Jie Gao: these heat recovery chillers unit. And we have 56 00:10:11.020 --> 00:10:17.680 Jie Gao: done that in hubs live source 57 00:10:17.930 --> 00:10:26.849 Jie Gao: to try to recover the heat of 42 degree water heat. So this is. 58 00:10:27.010 --> 00:10:42.420 Jie Gao: it's a low low temperature heat. It's very difficult to recover. Anyway, these kind of things is in our field of research, and also gain some experiences in an existing machine like haps. 59 00:10:42.780 --> 00:10:46.199 Jie Gao: And also we try to use solar 60 00:10:47.720 --> 00:11:11.649 Jie Gao: energy. Photovoltic energy, for example, haps is a machine of 30 megawatt and 10 megawatts. Now we can produce by itself on the roof of the machine and 10 megawatts has been produced, not yet into the network. But anyway, this is some 61 00:11:11.830 --> 00:11:14.560 Jie Gao: something encouraging. 62 00:11:14.850 --> 00:11:28.470 Jie Gao: Okay. So we also have efforts to make international collaborations on these subjects, and we had a Mini workshop in Hong Kong 2 years ago 63 00:11:28.550 --> 00:11:58.280 Jie Gao: last year. Sorry January and Mini workshop on green X radar and the colliders. So so you can find the names you are familiar. And so we have talks and works. And in these fields, in relation with the international efforts. Okay, so this Cpc milestone. So it's it's a big endeavor 64 00:11:58.380 --> 00:12:03.810 Jie Gao: for the human being of this kind of a big machine. 65 00:12:03.900 --> 00:12:28.900 Jie Gao: After the Higgs discovery at Cern. So we hope these international projects can offer to the high energy physics community a early Higgs factory. And hopefully, these can be, start construction 27, and completed the construction around 35. So this is a rough plan. 66 00:12:29.230 --> 00:12:33.469 Jie Gao: Okay, I stop here. And so any questions. 67 00:12:37.760 --> 00:12:39.743 Jie Gao: thank you so much, so much, do you. 68 00:12:41.360 --> 00:12:42.270 Stefania Juks: Any questions. 69 00:12:42.270 --> 00:12:43.190 Jie Gao: Questions. 70 00:13:04.610 --> 00:13:05.410 Stefania Juks: Okay. I'm. 71 00:13:05.410 --> 00:13:06.080 Jie Gao: Okay. I'm. 72 00:13:06.080 --> 00:13:06.949 Stefania Juks: Sorry in the chat. 73 00:13:06.950 --> 00:13:07.729 Jie Gao: Sorry in the chat. 74 00:13:07.730 --> 00:13:08.509 Stefania Juks: Sorry for the account. 75 00:13:08.510 --> 00:13:09.540 Jie Gao: For the echo. 76 00:13:10.130 --> 00:13:10.800 Stefania Juks: I was just one. 77 00:13:10.800 --> 00:13:12.220 Jie Gao: I was just wondering. 78 00:13:12.220 --> 00:13:13.909 Stefania Juks: When would you think you think. 79 00:13:17.830 --> 00:13:23.959 Jie Gao: Excuse me, the the voice is, there's an interruption. So would you please repeat your question. 80 00:13:24.600 --> 00:13:25.005 Stefania Juks: Yes. 81 00:13:26.370 --> 00:13:26.890 Stefania Juks: Lights around. 82 00:13:26.890 --> 00:13:27.220 Jie Gao: And I just. 83 00:13:27.220 --> 00:13:27.550 Stefania Juks: 7. 84 00:13:27.550 --> 00:13:28.460 Jie Gao: 7 8. 85 00:13:28.460 --> 00:13:29.900 Jie Gao: You were mentioning the. 86 00:13:30.970 --> 00:13:31.990 Stefania Juks: When do you think? 87 00:13:31.990 --> 00:13:32.950 Jie Gao: I think. 88 00:13:32.950 --> 00:13:33.320 Stefania Juks: Ended. 89 00:13:34.145 --> 00:13:34.670 Jie Gao: Did. 90 00:13:36.700 --> 00:13:42.099 Jie Gao: Pages page 7, no. Which one. 91 00:13:42.520 --> 00:13:43.270 Stefania Juks: Let me just. 92 00:13:43.270 --> 00:13:46.429 Jie Gao: Let me just see what are the next ones. 93 00:13:49.972 --> 00:13:50.639 Stefania Juks: A bit more. 94 00:13:50.640 --> 00:13:51.549 Jie Gao: A bit more. 95 00:13:51.550 --> 00:13:52.290 Stefania Juks: They don't. 96 00:13:52.290 --> 00:13:53.003 Jie Gao: I don't 97 00:13:53.360 --> 00:13:54.360 Stefania Juks: Checking the slides. 98 00:13:54.360 --> 00:13:55.340 Jie Gao: Slides as well. 99 00:14:06.890 --> 00:14:07.940 Jie Gao: which one. 100 00:14:08.510 --> 00:14:09.050 Stefania Juks: I'm just. 101 00:14:09.050 --> 00:14:10.599 Jie Gao: I'm just checking. 102 00:14:10.600 --> 00:14:11.110 Stefania Juks: Number. 103 00:14:11.110 --> 00:14:12.640 Jie Gao: These are now, these are number. 104 00:14:21.070 --> 00:14:21.640 Stefania Juks: So. 105 00:14:21.640 --> 00:14:24.450 Jie Gao: So in, I'm bet. 106 00:14:26.840 --> 00:14:27.959 Stefania Juks: The one of the. 107 00:14:27.960 --> 00:14:34.930 Jie Gao: The one of the degree oops. So there's so 13 sorry. 108 00:14:34.930 --> 00:14:35.610 Stefania Juks: Number 30. 109 00:14:35.610 --> 00:14:49.260 Jie Gao: Number 13. 13. Okay, just a moment. There's no number 7, 8, 9, 1011 go 110 00:14:49.630 --> 00:14:51.679 Jie Gao: 13 here, right. 111 00:14:52.350 --> 00:14:53.000 Stefania Juks: Yes. 112 00:14:53.000 --> 00:14:54.340 Jie Gao: Yes, thank you. 113 00:14:54.340 --> 00:14:55.020 Stefania Juks: I'm just wondering. 114 00:14:55.020 --> 00:14:56.249 Jie Gao: I'm just wondering what to. 115 00:14:56.250 --> 00:15:00.220 Stefania Juks: And implement. The force understood that currently you are. 116 00:15:03.260 --> 00:15:06.910 Jie Gao: So this Clystrom is under study. 117 00:15:07.020 --> 00:15:19.309 Jie Gao: and the principal proof has been made for the collector, and then now we are doing that. So so this is the 1st stage is, we build the clystrum. 118 00:15:19.440 --> 00:15:23.620 Jie Gao: and it looks like that on the bottom 119 00:15:24.303 --> 00:15:36.896 Jie Gao: this Clyestone and the collector has been tested previously. So so this is the principle is here on this top picture, and then 120 00:15:37.610 --> 00:15:45.650 Jie Gao: this is under, maybe, after, say, 2 years, one in more than one year, and this Clystrong can be 121 00:15:45.750 --> 00:15:46.790 Jie Gao: completed. 122 00:15:49.070 --> 00:15:49.730 Stefania Juks: Okay. 123 00:15:49.730 --> 00:15:50.849 Jie Gao: Okay. Hmm. 124 00:15:54.350 --> 00:15:55.029 Stefania Juks: Thank you so much for. 125 00:15:55.030 --> 00:15:56.500 Jie Gao: Thank you so much for the document. 126 00:15:56.790 --> 00:15:58.510 Jie Gao: Okay, thank you. 127 00:15:58.510 --> 00:15:59.080 Stefania Juks: Also. 128 00:15:59.080 --> 00:16:00.850 Jie Gao: Also completed.