Configurational Temperature in Matrix Models, Metastable states in 2+1 flavor QCD
by
In the first part of the discussion, I will present the method of configurational temperature estimator in matrix models. In case of field theories, the estimator follows from an exact Schwinger–Dyson identity and provides a sensitive consistency check of Monte Carlo simulations. For studied cases of Gross–Witten–Wadia model, a quartic double-well matrix model, and the Gaussian Orthogonal, Unitary, and Symplectic Ensembles, the estimator satisfies expected identity, $\beta_{config} = 1$.
In the second part of the discussion, I will present the study of $Z_3$ symmetry in 2+1 flavor QCD. Dynamical fermion contributions explicitly break the $Z_3$ symmetry, resulting in two metastable states within the deconfined phase at sufficiently high temperatures. Our results suggest that these states may be present at temperature scales ($\sim$446 MeV) achieved in Heavy-ion collision experiments.